Description:
Studies of the Fossils have been revealed that the rose originated in Central Asia. Rosa damascena is widely grown in Turkey, Bulgaria, India, Syria, Russia, China Uzbekistan, Iran, and Pakistan. Nowadays major countries for rose oil production are Bulgaria, Turkey, and Iran. Some other countries like India, Morocco, Egypt, France, China, Russia, Syria, and Russia are also cultivating rose for the production of Rosa damascena essential oil.

Rosa damascena oil is one of the most widely essential oils in the world because of its unique rich constituents and deep multilayered fragrance. This oil also called damask rose and rose otto.

The first rose plantations, during the 16th century, appeared around the city of Kazanlak. Today, most of the species of the rose grow best in full sun and good air circulation deep, fertile, moist but well-drained soils with a pH of 5.5 to 7. The main rose essential oil-producing countries are Bulgaria, Turkey, and Iran, with Morocco, India, France, Russia, and Egypt also producing rose oil up to some extent.

Cultivation and Harvesting:
When the roses start blooming, they need to be plucked up every day. For extraction of rose oil harvesting of flowers is done by hand in the morning before sunrise and flowers are distilled on the same day. Steam distillation begins immediately after the roses are picked. The yield of Rose essential oil is from 0.15-0.25%. Steam distilled oil from flowers and petals are used in perfumery as a middle note.

Odor profile:
Floral and sweet

Major Constituents:
Phenyl ethyl alcohol, Geraniol, Citronellol, Nerol, Linalool, Methyleugenol, Rhodinol, Citronellyl Acetate.

Application:
~ Rose essential oil has a relaxing effect and decreases anxiety and stress.
~ It also acts as an Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antispasmodic, Anti-ageing, Moisturizing, Fights depression, Nourishes the skin, Fights wrinkles, Enhances natural skin glow and radiance, Improves skin blood circulation, Reduce depression, Eczema, and Acne.

Aromatherapy:
For the treatment of various ailments rose oil is used as massage therapy, Inhalation, Bath oil, and diffusers.